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Geograph y      
 *  Located in Africa, Nile River-fertile soil, silt,
 * Black Land vs. Red Land flooding,
 * predictable flooding
 * Knew when it was going to flood just not how much,
 * considered Nile as a God,
 * Egypt was a gift of the Nile

Comparisons To Meso. <span style="color: rgb(190,60,246);"> <span style="color: rgb(97,204,239); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">
 * <span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(173,71,240); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(190,60,246);"><span style="color: rgb(97,204,239); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">   flooding,
 * war-fare desert,
 * cut off from warfare
 * didn't have constant war like in Mesopotamia,
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Pharaohs were considered kings,
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">priest- kings (meso.)
 * go between the Gods (messengers)
 * Meso- Ziggurat
 * Egypt- Pyramid<span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(173,71,240); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;">Environmental Challenges <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Flooding too much/ too little
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">desert forced to live on a small strip of land <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">(black land)
 * surrounding the river,
 * the river cut off <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">interaction with other people,
 * shut out invaders- spared<span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">much ancient traveled,
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">cataracts- rapids caused by boulders <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> impossible for boats to pass <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Transportation <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">boats- on the nile travled
 * against the current
 * used a sail
 * water highway promoted trade and united villages

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Important People <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Narmer
 * united upper and lower egypt
 * 1st dynasty established

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Government <span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">pharoahs thought of as gods
 * govt. based on religion
 * divided into upper and lower egypt
 * 31 dynasties
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">pharoahs controlled nature
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">ruled after death
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">pyramid final resting place power of pharaoh decline
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">2180 BC end of old kingdom <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">middle kingdom (2040- 1640)   <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">strong regained control Hykas over Egypt
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">(1630 BC- 1523BC) <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(173,71,240); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Religion <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Theocracy- govt.
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">pyramids burial ground/tomb for afterlife
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">mumification preserves bodies
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">spirit will use body in afterlife
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">worshiped 2000+ gods/goddesses-
 * polythesim
 * <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Re, Osiris, Isis, Annubus
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">belief in afterlife
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">weigh heart to see if go to other <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">world or <span style="color: rgb(0,201,255); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">the devourer of souls   <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">  <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Afterlife <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">kings ruled even after death
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">ka- life force pyramids tombs of kings  <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">  <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">mumification embalming
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Book of Dead    <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">comparison <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">to meso. (afterlife a bad place)    <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(173,71,240); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Social Class <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> > <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">4. Slaves, laborers
 * <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> 1. Kings/Queens, royal family
 * <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> 2. wealthy landowners, govt. officals
 * priest, army, commanders,
 * 3. middle class- merchants/artisans

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(173,71,240); font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Arcetecture <span style="font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">engineering facts-
 * amazing builders
 * used stone, granite, liimestone
 * link to govt./organization

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Writing <span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">hieroglyphics- sacred carving
 * simple picto graphs were earliest
 * form of writing
 * picture stood for an idea
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">then writing became more complex-picture
 * stood for sounds could almost be used for
 * letters of alphebet
 * 1st writing done on stone
 * stone/clay invented new writing surface
 * <span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">pypyras (reeds-grass)
 * Rosetta Stone- found in 1799 3 languages
 * (1 greek and 2 forms of hieroglyphics)
 * used greek to decode hierglophics
 * how we learned t read hierglyphics

<span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">Technology <span style="font-size: 120%; color: #ad47f0; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">papyrus
 * calendar kept track of time between floods
 * calendar- 365 days, 12 months 30 days + 5 holidays
 * used star to calculate
 * developed a system of #'s for counting, adding, subtracting<span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">,
 * <span style="color: #00c9ff; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4d845b; font-family: Impact, Charcoal, sans-serif;">business/tawes, geometry-survey and reset property boundries (after flood)
 * math helps engineers/archetects to make pyramids
 * 1st to use stone columns medicane could check heart rate
 * pulsebroken bones-treat wounds/fevers-knew surgery
 * embalming