egypt+page

back to home page Geography Location Environmental Challenges Government Important People Religion Architecture Social Class Technology Comparisons to Mesopotamia Transportation Afterlife Writing
 * Nile River flows north for 4,100 miles and is the longest river in the world
 * Desert climate
 * The change from fertile soil to desert
 * From the black land (good soil) to the red land (desert)
 * Rich soil
 * Nile floods in July and in October leaves behind silt (rich soil)
 * Lower Egypt has the Nile delta region
 * Upper Egypt because its elevation is higher
 * The delta is marshy and good soil (100 miles long)
 * Red Sea to east, Med Sea to north, Sudan to south, Libya to west
 * North East Africa
 * When the Nile was lower then normal crops wouldn't grow thousands of people starve
 * When the water was higher then normal the unwanted water destroyed houses and seeds
 * The desert on either side of the Nile acted as a natural barrier between Egypt land other lands
 * They forced Egyptians to live on little land and reduce interaction with other people
 * The Nile turned into rapids were boats could travel known as the first cataract
 * Each village had its own rituals, gods, and chieftain
 * By 3200 BC lower and upper Egypt formed and eventually united
 * Egypt consisted of 31 dynasties in 2600 years
 * There government is theocracy based on religious authority[[image:wg-egypt-845-400x300.gif width="333" height="260" align="right"]]
 * Pharaoh center of religion, government, and army
 * Pharaoh was fully responsible for the kingdoms well being
 * Narmar: Created a double crown from the red and white crown it symbolized a united kingdom
 * Narmer: Settled his capital in Memphis between upper and lower Egypt
 * First Egyptian dynasty
 * Pharaohs were the kings, rulers
 * Re sun god
 * Osiris god of dead
 * Isis ideal mother and wife
 * The Egyptian kings were gods called pharaohs
 * Pharaohs were thought to be as powerful has the gods in the havens
 * Believed the king ruled even after death
 * Pharaohs caused the sun to rise and the Nile to flood and the crops to grow
 * Since the kings lived forever their tomb was even more important then their palace
 * Worshiped more then 2000 gods and goddesses
 * Life continued after death
 * Anubis god of underworld would weigh the heart and to win eternal life it couldn't be heavier then a feather
 * Good afterlife
 * Bodies were preserved by mummification
 * The biggest pyramid was The Great Pyramid of Giza
 * Stones for the pyramid weighed 2.5 ton some 15 ton
 * More then 2 million stones stacked at 481 feet
 * Took up 13 acres
 * Used stone, granite, limestone
 * Top- kings and queens
 * Upper- landowners, priest, army commander
 * Middle- merchants and artisans
 * Lower- peasant farmers and laborers
 * Not locked in social class could gain higher status though marriage or success in job
 * women could do anything a man could
 * Hieroglyphics was their writing
 * Papyrus was their paper
 * Made a calender for floods
 * The same star appeared before the floods
 * 365 solar year
 * Divided into 12 months of 30 days each and 5 holidays
 * developed a math system
 * first to use stone columns in homes, palaces, and temples
 * Doctors found pulse and fixed broken bones
 * Flooding
 * Warfare- Didn't have constant war like Mesopotamia
 * Pharaohs were considered kings
 * Meso- ziggerat: town hall
 * Egypt- pyramids: resting place for pharaohs in the afterlife
 * Boats on the Nile
 * Traveled against current used sail[[image:egypt.JPG width="332" height="315" align="right"]]
 * Water highway
 * Kings ruled in afterlife
 * Ka- life force
 * mummification
 * Book of dead
 * Pyramids- tombs for kings
 * Hieroglyphics
 * Picture stood for an idea
 * then pictures stood for sounds
 * Could almost be used like letters of an alphabet
 * 1st writing on stone
 * Invented papyrus for paper