cnc+China

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Natural barriers isolated China Two major river systems are Huang He (Yellow) and Yangtze Yellow Sea, East China Sea, Pacific Ocean Mountains and desert are 2/3 of landmass Taklimakan Desert is in the West Plateau of Tibet (1500ft) Southwest are the Himalayas Gobi Desert, Mongolian Plateau in North
 * Geography**

Southwest Asia Bordering India By the Yellow and East China Sea, Pacific Ocean Himalaya mountain range
 * Location**

Huang He flooded and was called "China's Sorrow" People were cut off from trading with other people because of location Barriers did not totally protect people from battles that occured due to invasions Only 10% of the land was able to be used for farming
 * Enviromental Challenges**

__Xia Dynasty-__
 * Important People**
 * first Chinese dynasty
 * leader was Yu, helped control the river's flooding by creating irrigation systems

__Shang Dynasty-__ __Zhou Dynasty-__
 * 1700 BC-1027 BC
 * left written records
 * artifacts tell they built large palaces and tombs
 * Anyang was one of the captial cities which was made of wood
 * surrounded cities with large walls that could have taken over 12 years to build
 * 1027 BC
 * Zhou people overthrew Shang, made dynasty
 * Kept culture of Shang
 * Still brought new ideas to the whole civilization

Family linked to religion in terms of ancestery Spirits were to be respected and honored Shang dynasty worshipped a main god (Shang Di) along with some others Oracle bones were used to ask the gods questions
 * Religion**

one character for each syllable no links between spoken and written language everyone could learn one form of writing even if they spoke differently many characters to memorize (1500 to be barely literate) 1000 characters memorized to be considered a scholar
 * Writing**

Men controlled the family, women were inferior Girls were forced into an arranged marriage from ages 13 to 16 Very diverse social classes, nobles and peasants "Ruling class" nobles were in charge of the land
 * Social Class**

Zhou leaders said the gods had given them ruling power Believed decisions came from the gods A leader or king could lose the mandate, right to rule Became view of Chinese government Floods, problems could be due to discontent with the current ruler Rise, decline, replacement
 * Dynastic Circle/Mandate of Heaven**

Zhou controlled a lot of land Distributed it through feudalism King gives land to nobles who promise loyalty and protection to king and people who live on the land Systems found later on in Japen and Europe Lords started to fight over land as they became more powerful
 * Feudalism**

roads and canals were built coins were also made which improved trade furnaces created to make iron iron was used for weapons and farming tools
 * Technology**