Torin+Meso

__°f__Torin Home Mesopotamia __**Time Period**__ __**Institutions**__ __**Religion**__ __**Architecture**__ __**Social Class**__ __**Technology**__ __**Famous People**__
 * __Geography__**
 * curved shape
 * flat swampy land
 * silt (very rich soil)
 * desert climate
 * known as " the land between rivers"
 * __Challenges__**
 * unpredictable flodding
 * limited resources
 * little rain=desert climate
 * no building materials
 * needed water for survival
 * built irrigation ditches
 * __Economy__**
 * traded grain and cloth for tools
 * recieieved wood and metal
 * grew wheat and barley
 * through change they exchaned ideas (cultural diffusion)
 * 4500 B.C.
 * people began to farm
 * 3300 B.C. (Sumer)
 * people=Sumerians
 * 6508 years ago
 * __War/ Military/ Defense__**
 * built city walls
 * constant war between city states
 * hard to defend=no natural barriers
 * spread culture
 * men picked a leader during a time of war
 * city-state independent
 * self governing
 * including its sorrow farmland
 * series of rulers from family dynasty
 * " land of no return"
 * made sacrafices to nature gods to ensure that their city was safe
 * made arches, ramps, colums, and pyranids
 * ziggurat- center of Mesopotamian culture
 * __Literature__**
 * Epic of Gilgamesh
 * gives us information on how they might have lived
 * story is similar to Noah's Ark (flood)
 * top holder=kings land holders and priests
 * next= merchants
 * next= ordinary people (worked in feilds or shops)
 * lowest level= slaves (debt or war)
 * __Equality__**
 * women could be merchants, farmers, and artisans
 * women could own property
 * women could be priests
 * some upper class learned to read, write, and become scribes
 * inventions included the wheel, plow, bronze, and sail
 * needed math to plan and build things
 * base 60 (60 seconds=1 minute) (60 minutes=1 hour) (360° in a circle)
 * Writing=cuneiform (on clay tablets)
 * Sargon- conquered Sumer ( adapted Sumerand their culture)
 * Hamurabi- leader of Babylonian Empire (known for code of law)
 * __Government__**
 * controlled by preists at first
 * during war men chose a tough fighter to lead military
 * more frequent wars tough fighter= comanders got permanent control
 * Hammurabi's code of law