AnnaMonique+Egypt

Back To My Home :)

Egypt!!! :) <3

**Environmental Challenges**


 * Flooding. Too much (kills) Too Little (Starve)
 * Desert...Forced to live on a small strip of land surrounding the river
 * Cut off interaction with other people
 * Shut out invaders /spared much ancient warfare
 * Cataracts=rapids caused by boulders-impossible for boats to pass

**Transportation**
 * Boats on the Nile
 * Traveling against the current (used a sail)
 * Water highway promoted trade and unified villagersw

Important People
 * Narmer- united upper and lower Egypt.
 * Established first dynasty

Government
 * Pharohs thought of as gods
 * Theocracy- government based on religion
 * Divided into upper and lower Egypt
 * Pharohs controlled nature
 * 31 Dynastys
 * Pharohs continued leading after death (Lead in afterlife)
 * Pyramids - final resting place
 * Power of Pharohs decline 2180B.C through end of the old Kingdom
 * Middle Kingdom (2040-1640)
 * Strong Pharohs regained control
 * Hyksos took over Egypt (1630-1523 B.C)

Culture
 * Worsiped 2000+ Gods
 * Isis represented the ideal wife
 * Preserved bodies by mummification
 * Built huge temples to honor the major deities
 * other Egyptians built other temples
 * "Book of the Dead" contains hymns, prayersand magic spells to guide the soul in the afterlife

Social Class
 * Kigs/Queens (Royal families/ dynasties)
 * Government officials
 * Middle class /Merchants
 * Lower Class
 * Slaves

Religion
 * Theocracy-government based on religion
 * {yramids- final resting place for pharohs. Tomb for the afterlife
 * Mummification-body is preserved
 * Spirit will return to boy in afterlife
 * Worshiped 2000+ gods
 * Re- Sun God
 * Believed in afterlife
 * Weighted heart to see if they go the the other world or devoured by souls
 * ***POLYTHEISTIC RELIGION!!!

Technolagy
 * Pyramid building
 * Mummification
 * Papyrus (Paper they made)
 * Granite bricks for the pyramids (limestone too)
 * Sphynx (Cat that is worshiped)
 * The sail to carry them/ their boats down the nile
 * Used sand to help get the bricks up the ramps
 * Inclined plane= Pushed [yramid bricks up it to get them tot he top of it
 * Hyrogliphics-their way of writing
 * Could do surgery
 * Embalming
 * calender-365 days+5 holidays
 * math to help build pyramids
 * first to use the stone collumns
 * could check heart rate
 * could treat wounds and fevers

Writing


 * They wrote in Hyrogliphics on Papyrus paper (means sacred carvings)
 * simple pictographs=earliest form of writing
 * writing became more complex-pictures stood for sounds
 * could almost be used as letters of the alphabet
 * first writing done on a stone
 * invented new writing surface-papyrus
 * Rosetta stone found in 1799 in 3 languages
 * Greek hieroglyphics to decode them (How we learned to read hieroglyphics)
 * papyrus=reeds put together by the sap of reed

Afterlife
 * life that continued after death
 * BElieved they would be judged for their good deeds when they died
 * *Anubis-god and guide of the underworld
 * Weighed a persons heart to see if they go to heaven or hell
 * To win eternal life the heart must be no heavier than a feather
 * If the heart tippeed the scale it would be devoured by souls
 * "Book of the dead" guided them in the afterlife
 * Pyramids/Tombs for kings when they died
 * Ka=Pharohs spirit
 * embalming

Archetecture Geography
 * Pyramids-made with limestobne or granie bricks each weighing about 5-15 tons a piece
 * Mummies preserved bodies
 * Canopic jars-clay vessels. Brain, liver and other organs are placed in these jars
 * Ziggurat is a Town hall
 * Highlands of East Africa to the Medetrainnian sea
 * nile flows northwards across africa (4100 miles long) the longest river in the world
 * Land made fertile by the river
 * Changed from fertile kland to desert
 * From black land to red land. so abrupt you could put one foot in each side
 * rich deposit of fertile soil=silt