Tryon+Egypt

Tryon Home Geography- Comparisons to Mesopotamia- Enviromental Challenges Transportation Writing Technology Religion Afterlife Social Class Architecture Important people Government
 * located in Africa
 * Nile River
 * Desert
 * Fertile soil/silt
 * considered Nile a god
 * black land vs. red land
 * flooding (predictable)
 * knew it would flood, didn't know how much though
 * Egypt was a "gift of the nile"
 * flooding
 * warfare-desert cut off from warfare
 * didn't have constant war like in Mesopotamia
 * in Mesopotamia the ziggarat was the town hall
 * in Egypt pyramids were like a place to store the coffin that was kept for them to get ready to rule in the afterlife
 * pharoahs were considered kings
 * preists and kings in Mesopotamia were the "go between" to the gods.
 * in Egypt preists/ kings were the gods.
 * flooding- too much/ too little (kills) (starve)
 * Desert- forced to live on a small strip of land (block island) surrounding the river
 * cut off interaction w/ other people- trade
 * shut out invaders
 * spared much ancient warfare
 * cataracts= rapids caused by boulder,=impossible for boats to pass
 * boats on the Nile
 * traveled against the current used to sail
 * water highway promoted trade in unified villages
 * heiroglyphics= sacred carving
 * simple pictographs were earliest form of writing
 * picture stood for an idea not letters
 * then writing became more complex- pictures then stood for sounds
 * could almost be used like letters of the alphabet
 * 1st wrinting done on stone/ clay
 * invented new writing surfaces- papyrus (reeds-grows)
 * Rosetta Stone
 * found in 1799- 3 languages
 * used greek to decode heiroglyphics
 * *how we learned to read heiroglyphics
 * papyrus
 * calender keeps track of time inbetween the floods
 * calender-365 days
 * 12 months, 30 days each and five holidays
 * used star to calculate
 * developed a system of numbers for counting, adding or subtracting=business taxes
 * geometry- survey to reset property for boundaries (after floods)
 * math helped engineers/ architects to make pyramids
 * 1st to use stone columns
 * heart rate/pulse= set
 * broken bones- treated
 * wounds/ fevers-knew surgery
 * embalming
 * theocracy= government
 * pyramids= burial grounds and tomb for afterlife
 * mummification= preserve bodys spirits will use body in the afterlife
 * worshiped 2000+ gods = polytheism
 * Re, Osiris, Isis, Anubis
 * Belif in the afterlife
 * weighed heart to see if you would go to tthe other worlds in the afterlife or if you were eaten by the devourer of souls
 * kings ruled even after death
 * ka= life force
 * pyramids/tombs of kings
 * mummification
 * embalming
 * book of dead
 * comparisons to Mesopotamia
 * In Mesopotamia the afterlife was a bad depressing place.
 * 1) kings/ queens royal family
 * 2) wealthy land owners government officials
 * 3) middle class/ merchants and artisans
 * 4) lower class (largest groups) not locked in
 * 5) slaves, peasants, farmers, and laborers
 * ziggarat vs. pyramid
 * engineering feats
 * amazing builders
 * used stone, granite, limestone
 * link to governtment/orginizaton
 * Narmer-United upper and lower Egypt
 * first dynast was established
 * pharoahs
 * thought of as a god
 * theocracy- government based on religon
 * divided into upper and lower sections
 * 31 dynastys
 * pharoahs controlled nature
 * pharoahs ruled after death
 * pyramids- final resting place
 * power of pharoahs decline 2180 BC
 * end of old kingdom
 * middle kingdom (2040-1640)
 * strong pharoahs regained control.
 * Hyksas took over Egypt (1630-1523)